Qst tools

1. Introduction Quantitative sensory testing (QST) is defined as a psychophysical set of methods that neurologically examines somatosensory function.30 Many sophisticated quantitative sensory tests provide information on the nociceptive transduction, transmission, or modulation from all aspects of the somatosensory system. Through the understanding of the pathophysiology of pain and the afferent fibers (Aβ, Aδ, and C) activated by the test stimulus (mechanical or thermal), QST can aid in the evaluation of hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity phenomena in patients.8 Despite its poor prognostic and predictive value, in combination with other recommended core outcomes, QST may contribute to better-informed and individualized therapy.9,12 Limitations of laboratory-based QST (LQST) include the cost of the apparatus, complexity in training, lack of portability, and the time required for testing. Therefore, studies have turned to implement more routine clinical screening and profiling of pain mechanisms in chronic pain patients by developing a simple-to-use and clinically applicable, bedside tool-kits.20–22,28,31 Other studies are also turning to implement a qualitative component to QST to add valuable information contributing to the detection of sensory abnormalities.5 Cost-effective bedside QST tools have been developed and tested in pediatric and adult populations, such as von Frey filaments, an artist or foam brush, Neurotips, cotton swabs, a 10-mL syringe with a blocked tip, ice, or metal rods.20–22,31 Although bedside tool-kits can extend use of QST to an inpatient unit or outpatient clinic, there is an unmet need for developing a mobile or home QST (HQST) tool-kit that could be used in a patient's home or at other locations far from specialized centers. The COVID-19 pandemic showed the importance of innovation in providing remote methodologies for clinical care and research. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop an HQST tool-kit that is cost-effective for repeated measures across time, easy to use for all age ranges including children and adolescents, and able to assess changes in sensory and pain processing. However, its safety and tolerability was first needed to be tested in young adults, aligning with procedures investigating new medical drugs or devices. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether QST measurements using

The wider adoption of power GaN devices at voltages above 650 V necessitates innovations in both the substrate and integration process of the lateral high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) and vertical DMOS devices. In this article, we highlight the development of 1,200-V p-GaN HEMTs on engineered Qromis substrate technology (QST) by a group from Imec and Aixtron.Silicon substrates are commonly used as the base for GaN epi layers in commercially available power HEMT devices rated at voltages of 650 V or less. Extending the voltage requires thicker epi layers, which becomes challenging given the high coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch between GaN and silicon. QST is a proprietary substrate technology developed by Qromis, and commercial QST substrates are available from both Qromis and Shin-Etsu Chemical. High-thermal-conductivity (170–230 W/mK) poly-aluminum nitride (AlN) ceramic core material is covered by several encapsulation layers, on top of which is a silicon dioxide (SiO2) bonding layer and a single crystalline Si(111) layer, which serves as the nucleation layer, allowing the growth of thicker epi layers that can support higher voltages. Si(111) GaN growth-ready surface can be changed to single-crystal GaN, SiC or other GaN growth-ready surfaces.The CMOS fab-friendly and Semi standard thickness 200-mm QST substrates (scalable to 300 mm), which are similar to silicon-on-insulator substrates with respect to manufacturing processing and cost, enable the fabrication of long-awaited commercial high-performance GaN power devices ranging from 100-V to 1,800-V and beyond breakdown voltages with high thermal conductivity and high mechanical strength. Furthermore, the poly-AlN core of QST substrates has better thermal conductivity than silicon and sapphire substrates. Another important feature of QST is that the substrates are assembled and manufactured in traditional CMOS fabs with energy-efficient mainstream semiconductor process tools.Currently, 200-mm QST substrates are being used by Vanguard International Semiconductor for manufacturing 650-V p-GaN (e-mode) HEMT device products for

O.OrderID = ol.OrderIDWHERE o.OrderID = @OrderID;ENDGODBCC FREEPROCCACHE;GOTestingFirst, execute an ad hoc query, one that is not part of a stored procedure, that has the OPTION (RECOMIPLE) hint:SELECTi.InvoiceID,i.CustomerID,i.InvoiceDate,il.Quantity,il.UnitPriceFROM Sales.Invoices iJOIN Sales.InvoiceLines ilON i.InvoiceID = il.InvoiceIDWHERE i.InvoiceID = 54983OPTION (RECOMPILE);GO 10If we check the plan cache, you’ll notice that there is no evidence that this query has executed:SELECT qs.execution_count,st.text, qs.creation_timeFROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats AS [qs] CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text ([sql_handle]) [st]CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_query_plan ([plan_handle]) [p]WHERE [st].[text][/text] LIKE '%Sales.Invoices%';GOBut if we look in Query Store we do see the query:SELECT[qsq].[query_id], [qsp].[plan_id],[qsq].[object_id],[rs].[count_executions],[rs].[last_execution_time],[rs].[avg_duration],[rs].[avg_logical_io_reads],[qst].[query_sql_text],TRY_CONVERT(XML, [qsp].[query_plan]) AS [QueryPlan_XML],[qsp].[query_plan] FROM [sys].[query_store_query] [qsq] JOIN [sys].[query_store_query_text] [qst]ON [qsq].[query_text_id] = [qst].[query_text_id]JOIN [sys].[query_store_plan] [qsp] ON [qsq].[query_id] = [qsp].[query_id]JOIN [sys].[query_store_runtime_stats] [rs] ON [qsp].[plan_id] = [rs].[plan_id]WHERE [qst].[query_sql_text] LIKE '%Sales.Invoices%';GOIf we expand the query_sql_text column (middle text removed for space reasons) you can see that the text includes OPTION (RECOMPILE). This is pretty cool.Now let’s execute the stored procedure we created with RECOMPILE and then check the plan cache:EXEC Sales.usp_GetOrderInfo 57302;GO 10SELECT qs.execution_count,st.text, qs.creation_timeFROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats AS [qs] CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text ([sql_handle]) [st]CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_query_plan ([plan_handle]) [p]WHERE [st].[text][/text] LIKE '%Sales.Orders%';GOAnd when we check Query Store we do see the query:SELECT[qsq].[query_id], [qsp].[plan_id],[qsq].[object_id],OBJECT_NAME([qsq].[object_id]) AS ObjectName,[rs].[count_executions],[rs].[last_execution_time],[rs].[avg_duration],[rs].[avg_logical_io_reads],[qst].[query_sql_text],TRY_CONVERT(XML, [qsp].[query_plan]) AS [QueryPlan_XML],[qsp].[query_plan] /* nvarchar(max) */FROM [sys].[query_store_query] [qsq] JOIN [sys].[query_store_query_text] [qst]ON [qsq].[query_text_id] = [qst].[query_text_id]JOIN [sys].[query_store_plan] [qsp] ON [qsq].[query_id] = [qsp].[query_id]JOIN [sys].[query_store_runtime_stats] [rs] ON [qsp].[plan_id] = [rs].[plan_id]WHERE OBJECT_NAME([qsq].[object_id]) = 'usp_GetOrderInfo';GOSummaryRegardless of where OPTION (RECOMPILE) is used – at the statement level for an ad hoc query or a statement within a stored procedure – and when the RECOMPILE option is used at the procedure level during creation or execution – the query text, the plan, and the execution statistics still get captured within Query Store.

Here. Several recent NAFLDsym applications were shared in poster form and can be accessed via the Simulations Plus resource center here. About Simulations Plus Serving clients worldwide for more than 25 years, Simulations Plus is a leading provider in the biosimulation market providing software and consulting services supporting drug discovery, development, research, and regulatory submissions. We offer solutions that bridge machine learning, physiologically based pharmacokinetics, quantitative systems pharmacology/toxicology, and population PK/PD modeling approaches. Our technology is licensed and applied by major pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and regulatory agencies worldwide. For more information, visit our website at www.simulations-plus.com. Follow us on LinkedIn | Twitter | YouTube. The DILIsym Services division of Simulations Plus has developed DILIsym® and RENAsym™ QST software, as well as NAFLDsym®, IPFsym® and ILDsym™ QSP software, to provide the pharmaceutical industry with the QSP/QST tools and resources to efficiently develop safe and effective drug therapies. DILIsym and RENAsym are designed to address drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and drug-induced acute kidney injury, respectively. NAFLDsym, IPFsym, and ILDsym are designed for target or compound evaluation of therapeutic efficacy in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD or NASH), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and interstitial lung disease (ILD), respectively. More information is available on the company’s web page. Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) We focus our Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) efforts where we can have the most positive impact. To learn more about our latest initiatives and priorities, please visit our website to read our ESG Report. Safe Harbor Statement Under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 – With the exception of historical information, the matters discussed in this press release are forward-looking statements that involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Words like “believe,” “expect” and “anticipate” mean that these are our best estimates as of this writing, but that there