Current version of mysql
Author: a | 2025-04-25
Step 2. Check the current MySQL version: Login to the MySQL server and check the current version. We can use commands like status or @@version to get the current version.
MYSQL – Detecting Current Version of MySQL Server Installation
And confirm a new password for the root user account. After that, the system will prompt a bunch of questions, and we recommend you to answer 'Yes' to each one. Remove anonymous users? Disallow root login remotely? Remove test database and access to it? Reload privilege tables now? Afterward, it is recommended to restart and enable the MySQL service again. If necessary, you can configure the MySQL service to start automatically at the system startup. Log in to MySQL Run the following command to connect to MySQL server. When asked for the password for the root user, enter the password and press Enter. Run the show databases; command to display all databases residing on the current server. Choose another MySQL release version (5.6, 5.7) To install a different MySQL release version, you will first need to uninstall the current version and remove all the packages associated with it. Then you will be able to download and install the required version. Follow the link to find out how to uninstall MySQL 8.0 from your Linux system. Having removed the previous version from your system, you can proceed to download and install the required MySQL release version. Suppose, we want to install MySQL 5.7. 1. We add the MySQL 5.7 repository to our CentOS 7 system. sudo yum localinstall 2. Next, we install MySQL server 5.7. sudo yum install mysql-community-server 3. Finally, we check the current MySQL version to make sure that the downgrade from MySQL 8.0 to MySQL 5.7 has been successful. How to update MySQL with Yum By running the following command, you will have Yum update all MySQL components on your system. Note that the process might take some time. After the update by Yum, MySQL server will be restarted. It is recommended to run the following command to check and resolve any possible incompatibilities. With Yum, you can also update only a specific component. For this, run the following command to list all the installed packages for the MySQL components. sudo yum list installed | grep "^mysql" Then identify the package to be updated and run the following
How to retrieve the current version of a MySQL
│\O │ The current month in three-letter │ │ │ format (Jan, Feb, ...) │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\o │ The current month in numeric format │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\P │ am/pm │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\p │ The current TCP/IP port or socket │ │ │ file │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\R │ The current time, in 24-hour military │ │ │ time (0–23) │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\r │ The current time, standard 12-hour │ │ │ time (1–12) │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\S │ Semicolon │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\s │ Seconds of the current time │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\t │ A tab character │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\U │ │ │ │ Your full user_name@host_name │ │ │ account name │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\u │ Your user name │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\v │ The server version │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\w │ The current day of the week in │ │ │ three-letter format (Mon, Tue, ...) │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\Y │ The current year, four digits │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\y │ The current year, two digits │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\_ │ A space │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\ │ A space (a space follows the │ │ │ backslash) │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │' │ Single quote │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │" │ Double quote │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\\ │ A literal “\” backslash character │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\x │ │ │ │ x, for any “x” not listed │ │ │ above │ └───────┴───────────────────────────────────────┘ You can set the prompt in several ways: • Use an environment variable. You can set the MYSQL_PS1 environment variable to a prompt string. For example: shell> export MYSQL_PS1="(\u@\h) [\d]> " • Use a command-line option. You can set the --prompt option on the command line to mysql. For example: shell> mysql --prompt="(\u@\h) [\d]> " (user@host) [database]> • Use an option file. You can set the prompt option in the [mysql] group of any MySQL option file, such as /etc/my.cnf or the .my.cnf file in your home directory. For example: [mysql] prompt=(\\u@\\h) [\\d]>\\_ In this example, note that the backslashes are doubled. If you set the prompt using the prompt option in an option file, it is advisable to double the backslashes when using the special prompt options. There is some overlap in the set of permissible prompt options and the set of special escape sequences that are recognized in option files. (The rules for escape sequences in option files are listed in Section 4.2.6, “Using Option Files”.) The overlap may cause you problems if you use single backslashes. For example, \s is interpreted as a space rather than as the current seconds value. The following example shows how to define a prompt within an option file to include the current time in HH:MM:SS> format: [mysql] prompt="\\r:\\m:\\s> " • Set the prompt interactively. You can change your prompt interactively by using the prompt (or \R) command. For example: mysql> prompt (\u@\h) [\d]>\_ PROMPT set to '(\u@\h) [\d]>\_' (user@host) [database]> (user@host) [database]> prompt Returning to default PROMPT of mysql> mysql>MYSQL LOGGING On Unix, the mysql client logs statements executed interactively to a history file. By default, this file is named .mysql_history inVersions of MySQL prior to 5.6 are not currently
= READ-COMMITTED # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks; # to do so, uncomment this line: # symbolic-links = 0 key_buffer = 16M key_buffer_size = 32M max_allowed_packet = 32M thread_stack = 256K thread_cache_size = 64 query_cache_limit = 8M query_cache_size = 64M query_cache_type = 1 max_connections = 550 #log_bin should be on a disk with enough free space. Replace '/var/lib/mysql/mysql_binary_log' with an appropriate path for your system and chown the specified folder to the mysql user. #log_bin=/var/lib/mysql/mysql_binary_log #expire_logs_days = 10 #max_binlog_size = 100M # For MySQL version 5.1.8 or later. Comment out binlog_format for older versions. binlog_format = mixed read_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M sort_buffer_size = 8M join_buffer_size = 8M # InnoDB settings innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_log_buffer_size = 64M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 4G innodb_thread_concurrency = 8 innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT innodb_log_file_size = 512M [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pidEnsure the MySQL server starts at boot$ sudo chkconfig mysql onStart the MySQL server$ sudo service mysql startSet the MySQL root password. In the following example, the current root password is blank. Press the Enter key when you're prompted for the root password. $ sudo /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation [...] Enter current password for root (enter for none): OK, successfully used password, moving on... [...] Set root password? [Y/n] y New password: Re-enter new password: Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y [...] Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] N [...] Remove test database and access to it [Y/n] Y [...] Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y All done!g. Installing the MySQL JDBC Driver$ sudo apt-get install. Step 2. Check the current MySQL version: Login to the MySQL server and check the current version. We can use commands like status or @@version to get the current version.How to retrieve the current version of a MySQL database
Check and repair operations can be time-consuming, particularly for large tables. Table checking uses the FOR UPGRADE option of the CHECK TABLE statement. For details about what this option entails, see Section 15.7.3.2, “CHECK TABLE Statement”. mysql_upgrade marks all checked and repaired tables with the current MySQL version number. This ensures that the next time you run mysql_upgrade with the same version of the server, it can be determined whether there is any need to check or repair a given table again. mysql_upgrade saves the MySQL version number in a file named mysql_upgrade_info in the data directory. This is used to quickly check whether all tables have been checked for this release so that table-checking can be skipped. To ignore this file and perform the check regardless, use the --force option.Note The mysql_upgrade_info file is deprecated; expect it to be removed in a future version of MySQL. mysql_upgrade checks mysql.user system table rows and, for any row with an empty plugin column, sets that column to 'mysql_native_password' if the credentials use a hash format compatible with that plugin. Rows with a pre-4.1 password hash must be upgraded manually. mysql_upgrade does not upgrade the contents of the time zone tables or help tables. For upgrade instructions, see Section 7.1.15, “MySQL Server Time Zone Support”, and Section 7.1.17, “Server-Side Help Support”. Unless invoked with the --skip-sys-schema option, mysql_upgrade installs the sys schema if it is not installed, and upgrades it to the current version otherwise. An error occurs if a sys schema11.5: Which MySQL version is safe to update to? Currently
Chapter 2 Installing MySQL This chapter describes how to obtain and install MySQL. A summary of the procedure follows and later sections provide the details. If you plan to upgrade an existing version of MySQL to a newer version rather than install MySQL for the first time, see Chapter 3, Upgrading MySQL, for information about upgrade procedures and about issues that you should consider before upgrading. If you are interested in migrating to MySQL from another database system, see Section A.8, “MySQL 8.4 FAQ: Migration”, which contains answers to some common questions concerning migration issues. Installation of MySQL generally follows the steps outlined here: Determine whether MySQL runs and is supported on your platform. Please note that not all platforms are equally suitable for running MySQL, and that not all platforms on which MySQL is known to run are officially supported by Oracle Corporation. For information about those platforms that are officially supported, see on the MySQL website. Choose which track to install. MySQL offers an LTS series, such as MySQL 8.4, and an Innovation series. They address different use cases as described at Section 1.3, “MySQL Releases: Innovation and LTS”. Choose which distribution to install. Several versions of MySQL are available, and most are available in several distribution formats. You can choose from pre-packaged distributions containing binary (precompiled) programs or source code. When in doubt, use a binary distribution. Oracle also provides access to the MySQL source code for those who want to see recent developments and test new code. To determine which version and type of distribution you should use, see Section 2.1.2, “Which MySQL Version and Distribution to Install”. Download the distribution that you want to install. For instructions, see Section 2.1.3, “How to Get MySQL”. To verify the integrity of the distribution, use the instructions in Section 2.1.4, “Verifying Package Integrity Using MD5 Checksums or GnuPG”. Install the distribution. To install MySQL from a binary distribution, use the instructions in Section 2.2, “Installing MySQL on Unix/Linux Using Generic Binaries”. Alternatively, use the Secure Deployment Guide, which provides procedures for deploying a generic binary distribution of MySQL Enterprise Edition Server with features for managing the security of your MySQL installation. To install MySQL from a source distribution or from the current development source tree, use the instructions in Section 2.8, “Installing MySQL from Source”. Perform any necessary postinstallation setup. After installing MySQL, see Section 2.9, “Postinstallation Setupmysql - Current RDBS version is not supported for Magento 2.4
View on GitHub Running To use this sample you must have PHP installed, if not, please, install it as described here; MySQL installed and running, if not, please, check out MySQL download page and follow these instructions. Version requirements Required PHP version is 7.0.15 Required MySQL version is 5.6.36 Getting started To start this example, run commands listed below. Clone the repository from github.com: $ git clone [email protected]:anychart-integrations/gantt-php-mysql-live-edit.git Navigate to the repository folder: $ cd gantt-php-mysql-live-edit Ensure you have php-mysql installed: $ php -m Set up MySQL database, use -u -p flags to provide username and password: $ mysql -u USER_NAME -p Drop index.html, data.php, live_edit.php and js and css folders to a folder where you serve your .php files and your server (e.g. Apache or Nginx) could get them. Open browser at an appropriate URL. Run the server, AnyChart gantt chart gets data on page load automatically. Workspace Your workspace should look like: gantt-php-mysql-live-edit/ css/ bootstrap-datetimepicker.min.css # bootstrap date picker css. js/ bootstrap-datetimepicker.min.js # bootstrap date picker js. index.js # general functionality. data.php # PHP file which loads data from MySQL dump.sql # MySQL database dump index.html # HTML page that uses ajax for data manipulations. LICENSE live_edit.php # PHP file which performs data operations README.md Please note Current demo doesn't save gantt chart connectors to simplify the demonstration and database structure. Technologies Language - PHP Database - MySQL Further Learning Documentation JavaScript API Reference Code Playground Technical Support License © AnyChart.com - JavaScript charts. PHP basic template releasedHow To Access Your Current MySQL Version - Monsterhost
6.5.1.2 mysql Client Commands mysql sends each SQL statement that you issue to the server to be executed. There is also a set of commands that mysql itself interprets. For a list of these commands, type help or \h at the mysql> prompt: mysql> helpList of all MySQL commands:Note that all text commands must be first on line and end with ';'? (\?) Synonym for `help'.clear (\c) Clear the current input statement.connect (\r) Reconnect to the server. Optional arguments are db and host.delimiter (\d) Set statement delimiter.edit (\e) Edit command with $EDITOR.ego (\G) Send command to mysql server, display result vertically.exit (\q) Exit mysql. Same as quit.go (\g) Send command to mysql server.help (\h) Display this help.nopager (\n) Disable pager, print to stdout.notee (\t) Don't write into outfile.pager (\P) Set PAGER [to_pager]. Print the query results via PAGER.print (\p) Print current command.prompt (\R) Change your mysql prompt.quit (\q) Quit mysql.rehash (\#) Rebuild completion hash.source (\.) Execute an SQL script file. Takes a file name as an argument.status (\s) Get status information from the server.system (\!) Execute a system shell command.tee (\T) Set outfile [to_outfile]. Append everything into given outfile.use (\u) Use another database. Takes database name as argument.charset (\C) Switch to another charset. Might be needed for processing binlog with multi-byte charsets.warnings (\W) Show warnings after every statement.nowarning (\w) Don't show warnings after every statement.resetconnection(\x) Clean session context.query_attributes Sets string parameters (name1 value1 name2 value2 ...)for the next query to pick up.ssl_session_data_print Serializes the current SSL session data to stdout or file.For server side help, type 'help contents' If mysql is invoked with the --binary-mode option, all mysql commands are disabled except charset and delimiter in noninteractive mode (for input piped to mysql or loaded using the source command). Each command has both a long and short form. The long form is not case-sensitive; the short form is. The long form can be followed by an optional semicolon terminator, but the short form should not. The use of short-form commands within multiple-line /* ... */ comments is not supported. Short-form commands do work within single-line /*! ... */ version comments,. Step 2. Check the current MySQL version: Login to the MySQL server and check the current version. We can use commands like status or @@version to get the current version. Step 2. Check the current MySQL version: Login to the MySQL server and check the current version. We can use commands like status or @@version to get the current version.
Most current version of mySQL - Support - Local Community
Have everything appended into a file the same time. The difference between the Unix tee used with the pager command and the mysql built-in tee command is that the built-in tee works even if you do not have the Unix tee available. The built-in tee also logs everything that is printed on the screen, whereas the Unix tee used with pager does not log quite that much. Additionally, tee file logging can be turned on and off interactively from within mysql. This is useful when you want to log some queries to a file, but not others. The prompt command reconfigures the default mysql> prompt. The string for defining the prompt can contain the following special sequences. prompt."> Option Description \C The current connection identifier \c A counter that increments for each statement you issue \D The full current date \d The default database \h The server host \l The current delimiter \m Minutes of the current time \n A newline character \O The current month in three-letter format (Jan, Feb, …) \o The current month in numeric format \P am/pm \p The current TCP/IP port or socket file \R The current time, in 24-hour military time (0–23) \r The current time, standard 12-hour time (1–12) \S Semicolon \s Seconds of the current time \T Print an asterisk (*) if the current session is inside a transaction block (from MySQL 8.0.28) \t A tab character \U Your full user_name@host_name account name \u Your user name \v The server version \w The current day of the week in three-letter format (Mon, Tue, …) \Y The current year, four digits \y The current year, two digits \_ A space \ A space (a space follows the backslash) ' Single quote " Double quote \\ A literal \ backslash character \x x, for any “x” not listed above You can set the prompt in several ways: Use an environment variable. You can set the MYSQL_PS1 environment variable to a prompt string. For example: export MYSQL_PS1="(\u@\h) [\d]> " Use a command-line option. You can set the --prompt option on the command line to mysql.MySQL :: MySQL : Change Current Password Policy
Upgrade checking utility no longer reports any issues.Run Applications in a Test Environment After completing the upgrade checker's requirements, next test your applications on the new target MySQL server. Check for errors and warnings in the MySQL error log and application logs.Benchmark Applications and Workload Performance We recommend benchmarking your own applications and workloads by comparing how they perform using the previous and new versions of MySQL. Usually, newer MySQL versions add features and improve performance but there are cases where an upgrade might run slower for specific queries. Possible issues resulting in performance regressions: Prior server configuration is not optimal for newer version Changes to data types Additional storage required by Multi-byte character set support Storage engines changes Dropped or changed indexes Stronger encryption Stronger authentication SQL optimizer changes Newer version of MySQL require additional memory Physical or Virtual Hardware is slower - compute or storage For related information and potential mitigation techniques, see Valid Performance Regressions.Run Both MySQL Versions in Parallel To minimize risk, it is best keep the current system running while running the upgraded system in parallel.Run Final Test Upgrade Practice and do a run though prior to upgrading your production server. Thoroughly test the upgrade procedures before upgrading a production system.Check MySQL Backup Check that the full backup exists and is viable before performing the upgrade.Upgrade Production Server You are ready to complete the upgrade.Enterprise Support If you're a MySQL Enterprise Edition customer, you can also contact the MySQL Support Team experts with any questions you may have.. Step 2. Check the current MySQL version: Login to the MySQL server and check the current version. We can use commands like status or @@version to get the current version. Step 2. Check the current MySQL version: Login to the MySQL server and check the current version. We can use commands like status or @@version to get the current version.[OK] Currently running supported MySQL version -log[OK]
6.5.2 Installing or Uninstalling MySQL Enterprise Audit This section describes how to install or uninstall MySQL Enterprise Audit, which is implemented using the audit log plugin and related elements described in Section 6.5.1, “Elements of MySQL Enterprise Audit”. For general information about installing plugins, see Installing and Uninstalling Plugins.Important Read this entire section before following its instructions. Parts of the procedure differ depending on your environment.Note If installed, the audit_log plugin involves some minimal overhead even when disabled. To avoid this overhead, do not install MySQL Enterprise Audit unless you plan to use it. To be usable by the server, the plugin library file must be located in the MySQL plugin directory (the directory named by the plugin_dir system variable). If necessary, configure the plugin directory location by setting the value of plugin_dir at server startup.Note The instructions here apply to MySQL 5.7.13 and later. Also, prior to MySQL 5.7.13, MySQL Enterprise Audit consists only of the audit_log plugin and includes none of the other elements described in Section 6.5.1, “Elements of MySQL Enterprise Audit”. As of MySQL 5.7.13, if the audit_log plugin is already installed from a version of MySQL prior to 5.7.13, uninstall it using the following statement and restart the server before installing the current version: UNINSTALL PLUGIN audit_log; To install MySQL Enterprise Audit, look in the share directory of your MySQL installation and choose the script that is appropriate for your platform. The available scripts differ in the suffix used to refer to the plugin library file: audit_log_filter_win_install.sql: Choose this script for Windows systems that use .dll as the file name suffix. audit_log_filter_linux_install.sql: Choose this script for Linux and similar systems that use .so as the file name suffix. Run the script as follows. The example here uses the Linux installation script. Make the appropriate substitution for your system. $> mysql -u root -p (enter root password here)Note Some MySQL versions have introduced changes to the structure of the MySQL Enterprise Audit tables. To ensure that your tables are up to date for upgrades from earlier versions of MySQL 5.7, run mysql_upgrade --force (which also performs any other needed updates). If you prefer to run the update statements only for the MySQL Enterprise Audit tables, see the following discussion. As of MySQL 5.7.23, for new MySQL installations, the USER and HOST columns in the audit_log_user table used by MySQL Enterprise Audit have definitions that better correspondComments
And confirm a new password for the root user account. After that, the system will prompt a bunch of questions, and we recommend you to answer 'Yes' to each one. Remove anonymous users? Disallow root login remotely? Remove test database and access to it? Reload privilege tables now? Afterward, it is recommended to restart and enable the MySQL service again. If necessary, you can configure the MySQL service to start automatically at the system startup. Log in to MySQL Run the following command to connect to MySQL server. When asked for the password for the root user, enter the password and press Enter. Run the show databases; command to display all databases residing on the current server. Choose another MySQL release version (5.6, 5.7) To install a different MySQL release version, you will first need to uninstall the current version and remove all the packages associated with it. Then you will be able to download and install the required version. Follow the link to find out how to uninstall MySQL 8.0 from your Linux system. Having removed the previous version from your system, you can proceed to download and install the required MySQL release version. Suppose, we want to install MySQL 5.7. 1. We add the MySQL 5.7 repository to our CentOS 7 system. sudo yum localinstall 2. Next, we install MySQL server 5.7. sudo yum install mysql-community-server 3. Finally, we check the current MySQL version to make sure that the downgrade from MySQL 8.0 to MySQL 5.7 has been successful. How to update MySQL with Yum By running the following command, you will have Yum update all MySQL components on your system. Note that the process might take some time. After the update by Yum, MySQL server will be restarted. It is recommended to run the following command to check and resolve any possible incompatibilities. With Yum, you can also update only a specific component. For this, run the following command to list all the installed packages for the MySQL components. sudo yum list installed | grep "^mysql" Then identify the package to be updated and run the following
2025-04-18│\O │ The current month in three-letter │ │ │ format (Jan, Feb, ...) │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\o │ The current month in numeric format │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\P │ am/pm │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\p │ The current TCP/IP port or socket │ │ │ file │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\R │ The current time, in 24-hour military │ │ │ time (0–23) │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\r │ The current time, standard 12-hour │ │ │ time (1–12) │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\S │ Semicolon │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\s │ Seconds of the current time │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\t │ A tab character │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\U │ │ │ │ Your full user_name@host_name │ │ │ account name │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\u │ Your user name │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\v │ The server version │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\w │ The current day of the week in │ │ │ three-letter format (Mon, Tue, ...) │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\Y │ The current year, four digits │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\y │ The current year, two digits │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\_ │ A space │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\ │ A space (a space follows the │ │ │ backslash) │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │' │ Single quote │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │" │ Double quote │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\\ │ A literal “\” backslash character │ ├───────┼───────────────────────────────────────┤ │\x │ │ │ │ x, for any “x” not listed │ │ │ above │ └───────┴───────────────────────────────────────┘ You can set the prompt in several ways: • Use an environment variable. You can set the MYSQL_PS1 environment variable to a prompt string. For example: shell> export MYSQL_PS1="(\u@\h) [\d]> " • Use a command-line option. You can set the --prompt option on the command line to mysql. For example: shell> mysql --prompt="(\u@\h) [\d]> " (user@host) [database]> • Use an option file. You can set the prompt option in the [mysql] group of any MySQL option file, such as /etc/my.cnf or the .my.cnf file in your home directory. For example: [mysql] prompt=(\\u@\\h) [\\d]>\\_ In this example, note that the backslashes are doubled. If you set the prompt using the prompt option in an option file, it is advisable to double the backslashes when using the special prompt options. There is some overlap in the set of permissible prompt options and the set of special escape sequences that are recognized in option files. (The rules for escape sequences in option files are listed in Section 4.2.6, “Using Option Files”.) The overlap may cause you problems if you use single backslashes. For example, \s is interpreted as a space rather than as the current seconds value. The following example shows how to define a prompt within an option file to include the current time in HH:MM:SS> format: [mysql] prompt="\\r:\\m:\\s> " • Set the prompt interactively. You can change your prompt interactively by using the prompt (or \R) command. For example: mysql> prompt (\u@\h) [\d]>\_ PROMPT set to '(\u@\h) [\d]>\_' (user@host) [database]> (user@host) [database]> prompt Returning to default PROMPT of mysql> mysql>MYSQL LOGGING On Unix, the mysql client logs statements executed interactively to a history file. By default, this file is named .mysql_history in
2025-04-13Check and repair operations can be time-consuming, particularly for large tables. Table checking uses the FOR UPGRADE option of the CHECK TABLE statement. For details about what this option entails, see Section 15.7.3.2, “CHECK TABLE Statement”. mysql_upgrade marks all checked and repaired tables with the current MySQL version number. This ensures that the next time you run mysql_upgrade with the same version of the server, it can be determined whether there is any need to check or repair a given table again. mysql_upgrade saves the MySQL version number in a file named mysql_upgrade_info in the data directory. This is used to quickly check whether all tables have been checked for this release so that table-checking can be skipped. To ignore this file and perform the check regardless, use the --force option.Note The mysql_upgrade_info file is deprecated; expect it to be removed in a future version of MySQL. mysql_upgrade checks mysql.user system table rows and, for any row with an empty plugin column, sets that column to 'mysql_native_password' if the credentials use a hash format compatible with that plugin. Rows with a pre-4.1 password hash must be upgraded manually. mysql_upgrade does not upgrade the contents of the time zone tables or help tables. For upgrade instructions, see Section 7.1.15, “MySQL Server Time Zone Support”, and Section 7.1.17, “Server-Side Help Support”. Unless invoked with the --skip-sys-schema option, mysql_upgrade installs the sys schema if it is not installed, and upgrades it to the current version otherwise. An error occurs if a sys schema
2025-04-07Chapter 2 Installing MySQL This chapter describes how to obtain and install MySQL. A summary of the procedure follows and later sections provide the details. If you plan to upgrade an existing version of MySQL to a newer version rather than install MySQL for the first time, see Chapter 3, Upgrading MySQL, for information about upgrade procedures and about issues that you should consider before upgrading. If you are interested in migrating to MySQL from another database system, see Section A.8, “MySQL 8.4 FAQ: Migration”, which contains answers to some common questions concerning migration issues. Installation of MySQL generally follows the steps outlined here: Determine whether MySQL runs and is supported on your platform. Please note that not all platforms are equally suitable for running MySQL, and that not all platforms on which MySQL is known to run are officially supported by Oracle Corporation. For information about those platforms that are officially supported, see on the MySQL website. Choose which track to install. MySQL offers an LTS series, such as MySQL 8.4, and an Innovation series. They address different use cases as described at Section 1.3, “MySQL Releases: Innovation and LTS”. Choose which distribution to install. Several versions of MySQL are available, and most are available in several distribution formats. You can choose from pre-packaged distributions containing binary (precompiled) programs or source code. When in doubt, use a binary distribution. Oracle also provides access to the MySQL source code for those who want to see recent developments and test new code. To determine which version and type of distribution you should use, see Section 2.1.2, “Which MySQL Version and Distribution to Install”. Download the distribution that you want to install. For instructions, see Section 2.1.3, “How to Get MySQL”. To verify the integrity of the distribution, use the instructions in Section 2.1.4, “Verifying Package Integrity Using MD5 Checksums or GnuPG”. Install the distribution. To install MySQL from a binary distribution, use the instructions in Section 2.2, “Installing MySQL on Unix/Linux Using Generic Binaries”. Alternatively, use the Secure Deployment Guide, which provides procedures for deploying a generic binary distribution of MySQL Enterprise Edition Server with features for managing the security of your MySQL installation. To install MySQL from a source distribution or from the current development source tree, use the instructions in Section 2.8, “Installing MySQL from Source”. Perform any necessary postinstallation setup. After installing MySQL, see Section 2.9, “Postinstallation Setup
2025-04-066.5.1.2 mysql Client Commands mysql sends each SQL statement that you issue to the server to be executed. There is also a set of commands that mysql itself interprets. For a list of these commands, type help or \h at the mysql> prompt: mysql> helpList of all MySQL commands:Note that all text commands must be first on line and end with ';'? (\?) Synonym for `help'.clear (\c) Clear the current input statement.connect (\r) Reconnect to the server. Optional arguments are db and host.delimiter (\d) Set statement delimiter.edit (\e) Edit command with $EDITOR.ego (\G) Send command to mysql server, display result vertically.exit (\q) Exit mysql. Same as quit.go (\g) Send command to mysql server.help (\h) Display this help.nopager (\n) Disable pager, print to stdout.notee (\t) Don't write into outfile.pager (\P) Set PAGER [to_pager]. Print the query results via PAGER.print (\p) Print current command.prompt (\R) Change your mysql prompt.quit (\q) Quit mysql.rehash (\#) Rebuild completion hash.source (\.) Execute an SQL script file. Takes a file name as an argument.status (\s) Get status information from the server.system (\!) Execute a system shell command.tee (\T) Set outfile [to_outfile]. Append everything into given outfile.use (\u) Use another database. Takes database name as argument.charset (\C) Switch to another charset. Might be needed for processing binlog with multi-byte charsets.warnings (\W) Show warnings after every statement.nowarning (\w) Don't show warnings after every statement.resetconnection(\x) Clean session context.query_attributes Sets string parameters (name1 value1 name2 value2 ...)for the next query to pick up.ssl_session_data_print Serializes the current SSL session data to stdout or file.For server side help, type 'help contents' If mysql is invoked with the --binary-mode option, all mysql commands are disabled except charset and delimiter in noninteractive mode (for input piped to mysql or loaded using the source command). Each command has both a long and short form. The long form is not case-sensitive; the short form is. The long form can be followed by an optional semicolon terminator, but the short form should not. The use of short-form commands within multiple-line /* ... */ comments is not supported. Short-form commands do work within single-line /*! ... */ version comments,
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