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Threats.How nGuard Can HelpAs organizations face increasing threats from AI-driven security risks, nGuard provides comprehensive cybersecurity solutions to help mitigate these dangers. Our services include:Penetration Testing & Vulnerability Assessments – nGuard can evaluate whether DeepSeek AI or similar applications introduce security risks to your organization’s network.Risk Assessments – nGuard offers in-depth security risk assessments to identify vulnerabilities in your organization’s environment, ensuring compliance with industry regulations and strengthening overall security posture.Compliance Consulting – Our experts help organizations implement standards and ensure compliance with regulatory requirements to safeguard sensitive data.Security Awareness Training – Employees are often the first line of defense. nGuard provides training to help organizations recognize and avoid AI-related threats, including phishing and social engineering attacks.DeepSeek’s security vulnerabilities, questionable data practices, and ties to Chinese state-affiliated entities present significant risks to users and organizations. Given the exposure of unencrypted data, leaked credentials, and potential government surveillance, businesses should reconsider using DeepSeek in any capacity. With increasing regulatory scrutiny and growing concerns from cybersecurity experts, the risks outweigh the benefits. Organizations should take immediate steps to secure their data and consult nGuard for tailored security solutions to mitigate AI-related threats.In the past few weeks, the cybersecurity landscape has been marked by significant incidents affecting both governmental institutions and private enterprises. This advisory delves into the technical methodologies employed in these breaches, assesses their impacts, and outlines strategic responses to mitigate similar risks in the future.Fortinet Device Configurations LeakedA recent disclosure revealed that configuration data and VPN credentials for approximately 15,474 Fortinet devices were posted on the Dark Web. The breach is attributed to the exploitation of CVE-2022-40684, a critical authentication bypass vulnerability in FortiOS, FortiProxy, and FortiSwitchManager. This vulnerability allowed unauthenticated attackers to perform administrative operations via crafted HTTP requests. The leaked data, though over two years old, underscores the importance of timely patch management and continuous monitoring.Cisco’s Denial-of-Service VulnerabilityCisco has released security updates addressing a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability (CVE-2025-20128) in the Object Linking and Embedding 2 (OLE2) decryption routine of ClamAV. Exploiting this flaw allows remote attackers to cause a denial-of-service (DoS) condition by submitting crafted files containing OLE2 content, leading to the termination of the ClamAV scanning process. While no active exploitation has been reported, the availability of proof-of-concept exploit code necessitates immediate attention to patching and system hardening.Chinese Hackers Breach U.S. TreasuryAn investigation has uncovered that Chinese hackers infiltrated the U.S. Department of Treasury, gaining access to systems belonging to Secretary Janet Yellen and other top officials. The attackers compromised over 400 computers and accessed more than 3,000 unclassified files, including sensitive information related to sanctions and international affairs. The breach was facilitated by exploiting vulnerabilities in BeyondTrust’s software, highlighting the critical need for robust third-party risk management and regular security assessments.Emerging AI Threats Identified by OWASPThe Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) has updated its Top 10 list to include emerging threats associated with Large Language Models (LLMs). Notably, ‘Prompt Injection’ attacks, where adversaries manipulate AI models through crafted inputs, and ‘Supply Chain Vulnerabilities,’ involving

Vulnerable to cybercriminal activity, with far-reaching consequences for their customers.Volt Typhoon Infiltrated U.S. Critical Infrastructure NetworksIn 2024, the Chinese-based cyber espionage group Volt Typhoon made headlines by successfully infiltrating critical infrastructure networks in the United States. This APT group, which is believed to be state sponsored, gained access to sensitive systems within energy, telecommunications, and manufacturing sectors. The group used a variety of techniques, including zero-day vulnerabilities and advanced social engineering tactics, to bypass traditional security defenses. Volt Typhoon’s intrusion focused on maintaining persistent, stealthy access to key systems, enabling the group to exfiltrate sensitive data and potentially disrupt operations at a later stage. The breach was particularly alarming due to the high stakes of the targeted sectors, as a successful attack could have severe consequences for national security and economic stability.National Planning Data (NPD) BreachIn 2024, National Planning Data (NPD), a leader in financial planning and analytics, suffered a data breach that exposed sensitive client information, impacting approximately 1.3 million individuals. Attackers exploited vulnerabilities in NPD’s customer portal, which lacked robust authentication and encryption, to access financial records, personal identification information (PII), and business analytics.The breach affected financial institutions, wealth managers, and corporate clients, exposing Social Security numbers, bank details, investment portfolios, and proprietary strategies. This put clients at risk of identity theft, financial fraud, and competitive disadvantage. Investigations revealed that phishing attacks and poor encryption enabled the compromise, highlighting the critical need for layered security in cloud-based systems.Snowflake Customer BreachesIn 2024, a series of cyberattacks targeted customers of Snowflake, a prominent cloud-based data platform used for data warehousing and analytics. The attackers exploited misconfigurations in cloud environments and insecure APIs to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data stored by Snowflake’s customers. These breaches exposed personal information, financial data, and proprietary business insights from organizations across industries, including healthcare, finance, and retail.The breach was particularly significant because Snowflake is often used to centralize and analyze vast amounts of critical organizational data. The attackers leveraged stolen API keys and insufficient access controls to bypass security measures and infiltrate systems. In some cases, malicious actors used phishing campaigns to compromise credentials and escalate privileges, enabling them to exfiltrate sensitive information.How nGuard Can Help Protect Against These BreachesIn light of the significant breaches of 2024, nGuard offers a comprehensive suite of services designed to protect organizations from evolving threats. By addressing vulnerabilities, enhancing defenses, and ensuring compliance, nGuard helps safeguard critical data and systems. Here’s how:Penetration Testing: nGuard simulates real-world attacks to identify weaknesses in infrastructure, applications, and cloud environments. This includes targeting misconfigured cloud services, insecure APIs, and weak authentication systems, as seen in breaches like Snowflake and NPD. By identifying vulnerabilities before attackers do, organizations can proactively secure their systems.Vulnerability Scanning: Automated and regular scans uncover vulnerabilities in networks, applications, and cloud platforms, ensuring that vulnerabilities or misconfigurations are promptly addressed.Web Application Testing: Targeted testing of web applications, such as customer portals, identifies flaws in session management, encryption, and access controls.Social Engineering & Phishing Simulations: Many breaches begin with compromised

Credentials from phishing campaigns. nGuard’s social engineering simulations train employees to recognize and respond to phishing attempts, reducing the risk of credential theft.Device Configuration Audits: Properly configured devices and systems are critical for preventing exploitation by attackers. nGuard audits ensure that all devices, from endpoints to specialized equipment in critical infrastructure, are secure and hardened against threats.Compliance Gap Assessments: Organizations in regulated industries, such as healthcare, finance, and critical infrastructure, face heightened scrutiny after breaches. nGuard helps identify and address gaps in compliance with frameworks like HIPAA, PCI-DSS, and NIST, reducing regulatory risks and enhancing security posture.Managed SIEM: nGuard’s Managed SIEM provides real-time monitoring and analysis to detect and respond to threats quickly. By identifying suspicious activity like unauthorized access or data exfiltration, it helps prevent breaches and enhances overall security visibility.Incident Response: nGuard’s Incident Response services help organizations quickly contain and recover from breaches. By providing expert guidance and actionable steps during an attack, nGuard minimizes damage, reduces downtime, and strengthens defenses against future incidents.The cybersecurity incidents of 2024 highlight the complexity and growing sophistication of modern cyber threats. From ransomware campaigns to targeted attacks on critical infrastructure, these breaches demonstrate the need for proactive and comprehensive security measures. Organizations can address vulnerabilities, strengthen defenses, and prepare for emerging threats by partnering with nGuard. With the right strategies and tools, businesses can safeguard their data and systems against future attacks.In this advisory, we delve into the recent breaches of global telecom providers by Chinese state-sponsored group Salt Typhoon, challenges in removing advanced persistent threats, T-Mobile’s response to targeted attacks, and the FCC’s proposed cybersecurity regulations for telecommunications providers. These incidents spotlight the increasing risks to critical infrastructure and the evolving regulatory landscape seeking to eliminate similar threats.Salt Typhoon Breaches U.S. Telecom ProvidersChinese state-sponsored hacking group Salt Typhoon continues to target major U.S. telecommunications providers, including AT&T, Verizon, and T-Mobile, in a campaign exploiting vulnerabilities in Cisco network devices. The breaches allowed attackers to intercept sensitive communications and exfiltrate vast amounts of metadata.These attacks are a significant national security concern, as the hackers accessed confidential transmissions from government officials. Cisco has since released patches to address the exploited vulnerabilities, but the campaign underscores the critical need for proactive cybersecurity measures in the telecom industry.nGuard’s Incident Response Services assist organizations in quickly identifying and containing breaches, minimizing disruption to critical operations. We also offer External Penetration Testing to identify and remediate vulnerabilities before they can be exploited, providing a strong defense against advanced outside attackers.Persistent Threats in Telecom NetworksSalt Typhoon has demonstrated advanced persistence in U.S. telecom networks, evading mitigation efforts and maintaining access to sensitive systems. This persistent threat has exposed weaknesses in incident detection and response capabilities across the sector and the full extent of its reach is still unknown.The group’s ability to remain undetected for extended periods highlights the importance of continuous monitoring and robust security controls. The joint guidance from CISA and the FBI emphasizes hardening devices, improving visibility, and securing network configurations.Our Managed SIEM Services provide